摘要
选取2019年1月-2022年8月该院收治的Ⅲ度内痔患者100例,采用随机数表法分为对照组(50例,采用套扎术治疗)和研究组(50例,采用内镜硬化剂注射术联合套扎术治疗),比较两组患者临床疗效、术后恢复相关指标、肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压(AMSP)、痔核脱垂程度和术后并发症发生率。
研究组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);术后,研究组疼痛评分、创面出血评分、痔核脱垂程度评分和肛门水肿评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05);术后,两组患者肛管静息压和AMSP较术前明显降低,且研究组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。
内痔是常见的直肠肛管疾病,其发病机制复杂,病因尚未完全明确。有研
通过随机数表法,将2019年1月-2022年8月本院收治的100例Ⅲ度内痔患者分为对照组和研究组。两组患者一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05),具有可比性。见
组别 | 性别 例(%) | 年龄/岁 | 体重指数/(kg/ | 病程/月 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
男 | 女 | ||||
对照组(n = 50) | 28(56.0) | 22(44.0) | 42.37±6.23 | 22.06±2.34 | 4.25±0.88 |
研究组(n = 50) | 26(52.0) | 24(48.0) | 43.75±6.05 | 22.17±2.32 | 4.18±0.86 |
|
0.1 | 1.12 | 0.24 | 0.40 | |
P值 | 0.688 | 0.264 | 0.814 | 0.688 |
注: †为
纳入标准:经肛肠镜检查确诊,符合《中国痔病诊疗指南(2020)》中的诊断标
采用内镜内痔套扎术治疗。术前行肠道清洁,局部麻醉后,润滑肛门和套扎圈,插入胃镜后注气,使直肠肠管扩张,采用倒镜方法观察内痔部位,负压吸引器套扎内痔组织,用丝线将痔核扎住,使痔核发生坏死并脱落。
采用内镜硬化剂注射术联合套扎术治疗。置入内镜注射针后,于痔核区域精准注射适量聚桂醇注射液(批准文号:国药准字H20080445,生产厂家:陕西天宇制药有限公司,规格:10 mL∶100 mg
术后1个月评价临床疗
1)创面出血评分:于术前和术后1个月评估,从出血量(0分:无出血;1分:纸巾有血;2分:便池有血;3分:内裤有血)、出血频率(0分:无出血;1分:出血每年至少1次;2分:出血每个月至少1次;3分:出血每周最少1次)和是否出现贫血(0分:不贫血;1分:不需要输血;2分:需要输血)等方面进行评价,总分为0~18分,评分越高,说明创面出血量越
研究组总有效率(100.0%和88.0%)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见
组别 | 治愈 | 好转 | 无效 | 总有效 |
---|---|---|---|---|
对照组(n = 50) | 35(70.0) | 9(18.0) | 6(12.0) | 44(88.0) |
研究组(n = 50) | 42(84.0) | 8(16.0) | 0(0.0) | 50(100.0) |
| 4.43 | |||
P值 | 0.035 |
术后,研究组创面出血评分、疼痛评分和肛门水肿评分明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见
组别 | 创面出血评分 | 疼痛评分 | 肛门水肿评分 |
---|---|---|---|
对照组(n = 50) | 0.96±0.16 | 3.28±0.72 | 0.95±0.14 |
研究组(n = 50) | 0.32±0.05 | 1.93±0.35 | 0.52±0.08 |
t值 | 27.00 | 11.92 | 18.86 |
P值 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
术前,两组患者肛管静息压和AMSP比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05);术后,两组患者肛管静息压和AMSP明显较术前降低,且研究组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。见
组别 | 肛管静息压 | t值 | P值 | AMSP | t值 | P值 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
术前 | 术后 | 术前 | 术后 | |||||
对照组(n = 50) | 42.34±9.95 | 35.21±6.13 | 4.31 | 0.000 | 135.54±24.48 | 113.83±21.28 | 4.73 | 0.000 |
研究组(n = 50) | 42.07±9.93 | 30.37±6.05 | 7.12 | 0.000 | 136.28±24.81 | 101.92±20.55 | 7.54 | 0.000 |
t值 | 0.14 | 3.97 | 0.15 | 2.85 | ||||
P值 | 0.892 | 0.000 | 0.881 | 0.005 |
两组患者并发症总发生率(8.0%和10.0%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。见
组别 | 便血 | 尿失禁 | 尿潴留 | 总发生率 |
---|---|---|---|---|
对照组(n = 50) | 1(2.0) | 1(2.0) | 2(4.0) | 4(8.0) |
研究组(n = 50) | 1(2.0) | 3(6.0) | 1(2.0) | 5(10.0) |
| 0.00 | |||
P值 | 1.000 |
患者 男,46岁,采用内镜内痔套扎术治疗。套扎前,倒镜于肛门左侧、右前和右后,可见内痔形成,表面红色征阳性,痔核直径6~10 mm,伴子痔形成,治疗后痔核明显消退。见

A

B
图1 套扎术治疗前后
Fig.1 Before and after ligation
A:治疗前;B:治疗后。
患者 男,43岁,采用内镜硬化剂注射术联合套扎术治疗。治疗前倒镜于肛门左侧、右前和右后,可见内痔形成,表面红色征阳性,痔核直径8~12 mm,伴子痔形成,治疗后痔核明显消退。见

A

B
图2 内镜硬化剂注射术联合套扎术治疗前后
Fig.2 Before and after endoscopic sclerosing agent injection combined with ligation
A:治疗前;B:治疗后。
发生于齿状线以上位置的痔疮为内痔,其发病率较高,严重影响患者的生活质
内镜硬化剂注射术治疗痔疮已在国内许多医院开展,该技术的术后护理简便,患者恢复快。王文平
套扎术治疗Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度内痔的效果明显,能够减轻患者痛苦,加快恢复时
综上所述,内镜硬化剂注射术联合套扎术治疗内痔,可改善患者的肛肠动力学状态,减轻痔核脱垂程度,加快患者恢复,疗效确切,且安全性较高,具有一定的应用价值。但本研究的样本量较小,未进行多中心验证,且未对医疗费用进行分析,有待下一步进行多中心、大样本量的研究来佐证。
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