摘要
回顾性分析2017年9月-2019年9月南充市中心医院207例行胃癌根治术患者的临床和病理资料。根据是否使用术中测漏(IOLT),将患者分为IOLT组和无术中测漏(NIOLT)组。术中测漏包括胃镜检查、充气测漏和亚甲蓝测漏。分析术前、术中和术后的临床数据,如体重指数(BMI)、人口统计学、并发症和术中有无测漏等。对比两组患者术后吻合口瘘和吻合口出血等并发症发生情况。采用倾向评分匹配评价两组患者的基线资料后,两组患者各79例。
IOLT组有5例(6.3%)在手术过程中发现吻合口不连续,于术中行缝合修补;1例(1.3%)术后并发吻合口瘘。NIOLT组有7例(8.9%)术后并发吻合口瘘。NIOLT组吻合口瘘发生率高于IOLT组(P < 0.05)。IOLT组通过胃镜发现2例吻合口活动性出血,经缝合后成功止血。IOLT组平均手术时间较NIOLT组约长30 min(P < 0.05)。
胃癌发病率在所有肿瘤中占第五位,是导致癌症相关死亡的第三大主要原因,2018年因胃癌导致的死亡人数为782 685例,占所有癌症相关死亡的8.2
回顾性分析2017年9月-2019年9月207例在南充市中心医院接受胃癌根治术的患者的临床资料。根据是否使用术中测漏(intraoperative leak testing,IOLT),将患者分为IOLT组和无术中测漏(non-IOLT,NIOLT)组。两组患者性别、年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、肿瘤标记物、合并症、病理分期和胃切除术式等比较,其中性别、年龄、贫血和胃切除术式等有差异。见
注: †为t值
注: †为t值
排除标准:接受新辅助化疗(可能影响术后并发症的发生率和死亡
操作医生为具有200例以上胃癌根治术主刀经验的医生,参考“日本胃癌治疗指南2014(ver.4)
吻合完成后,使用Olympus 170胃镜进行吻合口测试。测漏程序如下:①在胃镜下直接观察吻合的完整性;②将吻合口浸入500~1 000 mL温热生理盐水中,吻合口远端肠管暂时阻断,然后通过空气使吻合口的肠管膨胀;③吸出吻合口周围肠道内的气体,随后通过胃镜注入1%亚甲蓝60 mL。若在吻合口处观察到气泡或亚甲蓝渗漏,则诊断为术中吻合口瘘,术中通过缝合进行修补。
参照术后加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)方
IOLT组2例出现吻合口活动性出血,经缝合后成功止血;5例吻合口不连续,经缝合后,未并发吻合口瘘。IOLT组平均手术时间较NIOLT组约长30 min。见
注: †为
IOLT组1例(1.3%)术后并发吻合口瘘,NIOLT组7例(8.9%)术后并发吻合口瘘,两组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。IOLT组住院时间最长为38 d,较NIOLT组延长,住院费用最高超过10万元,但两组患者术后总并发症发生率、住院时间和住院费用比较,差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。见
注: †为t值
吻合口瘘是胃癌术后严重且危及生命的并发症,其发生率为2.1%~14.4
本研究结合IOLT中最常用的胃镜、空气和亚甲蓝技
本研究中,IOLT组通过术中缝合修补吻合口缺损,明显减少了术后吻合口瘘的发生。有研
本研究中,IOLT组术中测漏阳性患者5例(6.3%),与文
在手术期间常规进行IOLT,发现吻合口缺损并及时修复,可以避免一些严重的并发症,如:吻合口出血、吻合口瘘和腹腔严重感染等。有研
IOLT组平均手术时间比NIOLT组约长30 min。分析原因可能为:①IOLT组的术中胃镜测漏延长了手术时间,而术中测漏阳性的患者修复吻合口也延长了手术时间;②IOLT组淋巴结清扫数目较多。
本研究的不足之处为样本量较少,需进一步行大样本随机对照试验验证,且本文为回顾性研究,可能存在一定的偏倚。
综上所述,结合胃镜检查、空气测漏和亚甲蓝测漏技术可以减少术后吻合口瘘的发生。IOLT可以检测出胃癌根治术中吻合口的不连续性,还可以避免术后吻合口瘘。因此,推荐在胃癌根治术中结合术中胃镜测漏技术。
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