Abstract:【Objective】 To evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic radical resection and open procedures for rectal cancer. 【Methods】 128 patients with rectal cancer were performed laparoscopic radical resection between September 2009 and September 2010 at Department of General Surgery of the Hospital Affiliated Luzhou Medical College.126 patients who underwent open radical resection in the same period with the same diseases were retrospectively analyzed, the radical effect, operation time, intra and post-operative complications, time of bowel function rehabilitation, post-operative hospital stay, 30-day mortality, 1 years'disease free survival and overall survival were compared. 【Results】 Both groups obeyed the surgical principle of rectal cancer including extent of resection and bowel margins. Significant differences were shown between laparoscopic and open surgery groups in operation time, intra-operative hemorrhage, time of bowel function rehabilitation and post-operative hospital stay. There was no differences between the two groups in other intra and post-operative complications, lymph nodes harvested, 30-day mortality, 1 years'overall survival and disease free survival. 【Conclusion】 Laparoscopic radical resection can be a proper choice for curable rectal cancer, which can get the same radical effect and short-term outcome compared with open procedure. Besides, laparoscopic surgery provides advantages in intra-operative hemorrhage, time of bowel function rehabilitation and post-operative hospital stay, although it may take longer time in the duration of operation. The long-term prognosis of laparoscopic surgery need to be confirmed in further follow-up.
