十年间消化道异物流行病学调查及其并发症影响因素分析

Epidemiological investigation of foreign bodies in digestive tract and analysis of influencing factors of complications in the last 10 years

摘要:

目的 探讨福建省漳州地区十年间消化道异物流行病学调查特点，并分析影响并发症的因素。方法 回顾性分析2011年－2020年838例在该院就诊的消化道异物患者的临床资料。其中，2011年－2015年就诊患者429例，2016年－2020年就诊患者409例。分析两个时间段患者流行病学特点，并采用单因素和Logistic多因素分析，探讨并发症的影响因素。结果 2011年－2015年和2016年－2020年消化道异物患者异物种类、异物形状、异物长度和并发症发生率比较，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；Logistic多因素分析发现，异物位置（OR＾ = 2.425，95%CI：1.436～4.674，P = 0.000）、异物长度（OR＾ = 2.314，95%CI：1.562～4.845，P = 0.000）、异物形状（OR＾ = 4.753，95%CI：2.325～8.536，P = 0.000）、存在时间（OR＾ = 3.944，95%CI：2.154～7.332，P = 0.000）和异物种类（OR＾ = 2.523，95%CI：1.673～6.503，P = 0.000）是2016年－2020年消化道异物患者发生并发症的独立影响因素；异物长度（OR＾ = 3.754，95%CI：1.864～8.646，P = 0.000）、异物形状（OR＾ = 2.656，95%CI：1.235～6.364，P = 0.000）和存在时间（OR＾ = 2.463，95%CI：1.573～5.255，P = 0.000）是2011年－2015年消化道异物患者发生并发症的独立影响因素。结论 近年来，消化道异物的流行病学特点较早期有明显变化，主要体现在异物的种类、形状和长度等因素上，并发症发生率也有升高趋势，异物位置、异物长度、异物形状、存在时间和异物种类是近年来消化道异物患者发生并发症的独立影响因素。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of gastrointestinal foreign bodies in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province from 2011 to 2020 and analyze the changes of influencing factors of complications.Methods 838 patients with gastrointestinal foreign bodies from 2011 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the observation group (2016 to 2020, n = 409) and the control group (2011 to 2015, n = 429) according to different visit times. The epidemiological characteristics of the two groups were analyzed, and the influencing factors of complications were analyzed by univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate analysis.Results The type, shape, length and complication rate of foreign body in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the location of foreign body (OR＾ = 2.425, 95%CI: 1.436 ~ 4.674, P = 0.000), length of foreign body (OR＾ = 2.314, 95%CI: 1.562 ~ 4.845, P = 0.000), foreign body shape (OR＾ = 4.753, 95%CI: 2.325 ~ 8.536, P = 0.000), existence time (OR＾ = 3.944, 95%CI: 2.154 ~ 7.332, P = 0.000), foreign body type (OR＾ = 2.523, 95%CI: 1.673 ~ 6.503, P = 0.000) were independent influencing factors for complications in patients with digestive tract foreign bodies from 2016 to 2020. Length of foreign body (OR＾ = 3.754, 95%CI: 1.864~8.646, P = 0.000), foreign body shape (OR＾ = 2.656, 95%CI: 1.235 ~ 6.364, P = 0.000), existence time (OR＾ = 2.463, 95%CI: 1.573 ~ 5.255, P = 0.000) were independent influencing factors for complications in patients with digestive tract foreign bodies from 2011 to 2015.Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of foreign bodies in digestive tract have changed significantly in recent years, mainly reflected in the type, shape and length of foreign bodies. The incidence of complications has also increased. Foreign body location, length, shape, existence time and type are independent influencing factors of gastrointestinal foreign body complications in recent years.