Abstract:Objective To compare the efficacy and feasibility of super-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SMP) with local anesthesia and retrograde intrarenal stone surgery (RIRS) with general anesthesia in the day surgery mode.Methods From June 2021 to June 2022, 100 patients with kidney stones who underwent day surgery were studied retrospectively. The stones size ranged from 1 to 2 cm. They were divided into two groups based on the surgical method: SMP with local anaesthetic and RIRS with general anesthesia, with 50 cases in each. The two groups were compared in terms of surgery time, postoperative stone-free rate, and complication rate.Results All these patients underwent successful day surgery without serious complications. The SMP group had a higher rate of stone clearance than the RIRS group (96.0% vs 82.0%, P = 0.025), and the mean operation time was shorter than the RIRS group [(34.86 ± 8.10) vs (45.66 ± 9.62) min, P = 0.000]. The changes of hemoglobin and hematocrit in the RIRS group decreased less than those of SMP group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the visual analogue scale (VAS), complication rate, length of hospital stay, infection indexes, serum creatinine changes and Clavien-Dindo grading system between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion SMP with local anesthesia and RIRS with general anesthesia are both safe and practicable for suitable patients following thorough screening, SMP can effectively increase the recent stones removal rate. RIRS can effectively reduce the amount of bleeding during the operation. It can be reasonably selected according to the actual situation.