新式内镜微创保胆技术的现状与发展

Current situation and prospects of new minimally invasive surgery of gallbladder-preserving cholecystolithotomy

摘要:

以保留胆囊为目的的保胆手术已有100多年的历史，以往的保胆手术存在疗效差和复发率高的问题，导致保胆手术一直未能普及。新式内镜微创保胆手术可以取净胆囊内的结石、处理胆囊壁的病变和保证胆囊管的通畅，明显降低了保胆术后的复发率。目前，国内国外保胆手术资料均证实内镜微创保胆手术安全、简单，复发率小于10.00%，术后胆囊功能恢复快。但内镜微创保胆手术的远期疗效还有待于长期观察，若能将大数据比对与技术相结合，会是未来保胆技术发展的方向。

Abstract:

Gallbladder preservation surgery has a history of more than 100 years. However, the previous surgeries had not been popularized because they suffered from a high recurrence rate. Instead, a new minimally invasive surgery of choledochoscopic gallbladder-preserving cholecystolithotomy is capable of removing all stones in a gallbladder, treating the lesions of the gallbladder wall, and ensuring the unblocked cystic duct. At present, many hospitals in China and foreign countries have carried out such gallbladder preservation surgery with satisfactory clinical results. It has been confirmed that it is a safe, reliable, and simple surgical operation with a low recurrence rate which was less than 10.00%. Moreover, the gallbladder function recovers quickly after the operation. However, the efficacy of this operation still requires long-term clinical observation. We also suggest future research may utilising machine learning and other artificial intelligence to compare the data of the studied patients to an extensive established database, so that maximize the chance of successfully achieving the goals of the surgery.