门静脉高压并异位静脉曲张的流行病学及内镜治疗现状*

Epidemiology and endoscopic treatment of portal hypertension associated with ectopic varices*

摘要:

门静脉高压（PH）为各种病因引起的门静脉压力升高。门-体侧支循环形成是PH一种代偿形式。消化道内静脉曲张是PH的临床表现之一，并可大致分为食管静脉曲张（EV）、胃静脉曲张（GV）、异位静脉曲张（EcV）。目前关于EcV的研究非常有限。目前发现EcV诊断困难、出血量大、止血困难和预后差等特点。EcV治疗也尚无指南和专家共识。该综述将重点对EcV的流行病学特点和内镜治疗现状进行综述。

Abstract:

Abstract: Portal hypertension (PH) was defined as an increase in portal pressure caused by various etiologies. The formation of portosystemic collateral circulation was a compensatory form of PH. Gastrointestinal varices were one of the clinical manifestations of PH, and which clould be broadly divided into esophageal varices (EV), gastric varices (GV) and ectopic varices (EcV). At present, it is found that EcV has difficulty in diagnosis, large amount of bleeding, difficulty in hemostasis and poor prognosis. So far, the study of EcV is very limited. There was no guideline and expert consensus on EcV treatment. This review will focus on the epidemiological features of EcV and the research status of endoscopic treatment.