预切开内镜黏膜切除术诊治结肠侧向发育型肿瘤的临床疗效评价

Clinical evaluation of pre-cut-endoscopic mucosal resection in treatment of colorectal lateral spreading tumor

摘要:

目的 评价预切开内镜黏膜切除术（Pre-cut-EMR）治疗大肠侧向发育型肿瘤（LST）的临床疗效。方法 从2014年1月-2014年12月，共有65例直径>2.0 cm的LST病变纳入研究，治疗前采用染色放大内镜或内镜窄带成像技术（NBI）观察病灶黏膜，完成内镜评估和病理诊断证实符合内镜下治疗指证。研究分析LST病灶直径、病灶部位、内镜分型和病理结果，统计观察手术时间、整块切除率、完全切除率、并发症及术后复发情况，随访观察治疗的临床效果及安全性。结果 65例结肠LST肿瘤直径2.0～5.0 cm，平均直径（2.4±1.7）cm，病灶部位直肠28例（43.1%），乙状结肠11例（16.9%），降结肠6例（9.2%），结肠脾曲2例（3.1%），横结肠9例（13.8%），结肠肝曲4例（6.2%），升结肠2例（3.1%），盲肠3例（4.6%）。LST内镜分型中形态呈颗粒均一型23例（35.4%），结节混合型27例（41.5%），扁平隆起型13例（20.0%），假凹陷型2例（3.1%）；LST病理结果：管状腺瘤12例（18.5%），管状绒毛状腺瘤19例（29.2%），绒毛状腺瘤26例（40.0%），高级别上皮内瘤变7例（10.7%），黏膜内癌1例（1.5%）。65例LST病灶均应用Pre-cut-EMR成功切除，手术时间20～45 min，平均时间（18.0±11.7）min，整块切除率100.0%，完全切除率100.0%，术中即刻出血5例（7.7%），术后7天内迟发出血1例（1.5%），无1例发生穿孔。术后随访3～6个月，复查肠镜所有病例均无复发。结论 应用Pre-cut-EMR能完全切除直径>2.0 cm的LST病变，且安全有效。

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the effect of pre-cut-endoscopic mucosa resection of colorectal laterally spreading tumor. Methods 65 patients with LST were enrolled from January 2014 to February 2014. LST was detected by chromoendoscopy and NBI combined with magnifying endoscopy technique. The size, site, morphological features, were observed and the histopathological features of the specimen of LST was analyzed. All the 65 LSTs were resect by pre-cut-EMR. The clinical results including enbloc resection rate, all bloc resection rate, procedure time, complication and recurrence rates were retrospectively evaluated. Results All the 65 LSTs lesions ranged from 2.0 cm to 5.0 cm, with a mean diameter of (2.4 ± 1.7) cm. The site of 65 LSTs was in rectum 28 (43.1 %), 11 LSTs in sigmoid colon (16.9 %), 6 LSTs in descending colon (9.2 %), 2 LSTs in splenic flexure of colon (3.1 %), 9 LSTs in transverse colon (13.8 %), 4 LSTs in Hepatic flexure of colon (6.2 %), 2 LSTs in ascending colon(3.1 %), and 3 LSTs in cecum (4.6 %). Morphology of 23 LSTs were homogeneous granular type (35.4 %), 27 LSTs were mixed non-granular type (41.5 %), 13 LSTs were flat elevated type (20.0 %), and 2 LSTs were pseudo-depressed type (3.1 %). The histopathological diagnoses of LST included 12 tubular adenoma (18.5 %), 19 villous-tubular adenoma (29.2 %), 26 villous adenoma (40.0 %), 7 advanced intraepithelial tumor (10.7 %), 1 intramucosal carcinoma (1.5 %). Enbloc resection was achieved in 65 patients (100.0 %) with a mean operation time of (18.0 ± 11.7) min. 5 cases were bleeding during the operation (7.7 %), 1 case was bleeding 7 days after operation (1.5 %), no perforation was happened. 65 patients were followed up for 3～12 months, and no local recurrence was found. Conclusion Pre-cut-endoscopic mucosal resection an effective and safe therapy for colorectal LST larger than 2.0 cm.